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Sat, 28 Jun 2025 16:54:30 -0700
whiteguyinchina from private IP, post #18772065
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Proximity to Golf Courses and Risk of Parkinson Disease
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2833716
Home | JAMA Network Open | Vol. 8, No. 5
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Original Investigation Neurology
Proximity to Golf Courses and Risk of Parkinson Disease
Brittany Krzyzanowski, PhD1; Aidan F. Mullan, MA2,5; E. Ray Dorsey, MD3; et al
Author Affiliations Article Information
JAMA Netw Open
Published Online: May 8, 2025
2025;8;(5):e259198.
doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.9198
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Key Points
Question Does living within proximity to a golf course affect the risk of Parkinson disease (PD)?
Findings This case-control study found the greatest risk of PD within 1 to 3 miles of a golf course, and that this risk generally decreased with distance.
Effect sizes were largest in water service areas with a golf course in vulnerable groundwater regions.
Meaning These findings suggest that pesticides applied to golf courses may play a role in the incidence PD for nearby residents.
Abstract
Importance The role of pesticide exposure from golf courses in Parkinson disease (PD) risk remains unclear.
Objective To assess whether proximity to golf courses is associated with increased PD risk and to use information on groundwater vulnerability and municipal
well locations to investigate drinking water contamination as a potential route of exposure.
Design, Setting, and Participants This case-control study included patients with incident PD and matched controls from the Rochester Epidemiology Project from
1991 to 2015. Data were analyzed between June and August 2024.
Exposures Distance to golf courses, living in water service areas with a golf course, living in water service areas in vulnerable groundwater regions, living
in water service areas with shallow municipal wells, and living in water service areas with a municipal well on a golf course.
Main Outcome and Measures Risk of incident PD. All models adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, year of index, median household income, and urban or rural
category.
Results A total of 419 incident PD cases were identified (median [IQR] age, 73 [65-80] years; 257 male [61.3%]) with 5113 matched controls (median [IQR] age,
72 [65-79] years; 3043 male [59.5%]; 4504 White [88.1%]). After adjusting for patient demographics and neighborhood characteristics, living within 1 mile of a
golf course was associated with 126% increased odds of developing PD compared with individuals living more than 6 miles away from a golf course (adjusted odds
ratio [aOR], 2.26; 95% CI, 1.09-4.70). Individuals living within water service areas with a golf course had nearly double the odds of PD compared with
individuals in water service areas without golf courses (aOR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.20-3.23) and 49% greater odds compared with individuals with private wells (aOR,
1.49; 95% CI, 1.05-2.13). Additionally, individuals living in water service areas with a golf course in vulnerable groundwater regions had 82% greater odds of
developing PD compared with those in nonvulnerable groundwater regions (aOR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.09-3.03).
Conclusions and Relevance In this population-based case-control study, the greatest risk of PD was found within 1 to 3 miles of a golf course and risk
generally decreased with distance. Associations with the largest effect sizes were in water service areas with a golf course and in vulnerable ground water
regions
Sat, 28 Jun 2025 17:09:15 -0700
marlon from private IP
Reply #16765711
individuals living in water service areas with a golf course in vulnerable groundwater regions had 82% greater odds of developing PD
guess i'm developing PD, been living next a golf course since 2010.
thanks White, this is just like the Roundup weed killer deal
Wed, 02 Jul 2025 08:26:42 -0700
marlon from private IP
Reply #14080691
https://www.the-sun.com/health/14605934/parkinson-disease-living-beside-golf-course-study-revealed/
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